Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels.
In a healthy body, glucose levels are regulated by insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas. Insulin helps transport glucose from the bloodstream into the body's cells and also plays an important role in protein and fat metabolism.
When the interaction between insulin and cells becomes impaired, hyperglycemia develops—a condition marked by persistently high blood sugar levels. This may occur due to insufficient insulin production or reduced sensitivity of tissues to insulin.
As a result, glucose remains in the bloodstream instead of entering cells, leading to increased blood viscosity, impaired circulation, and reduced nutrient delivery to tissues. The systems most affected include:
The nervous system
The cardiovascular system
Muscle tissue
The liver
How Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Develop
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin, meaning insulin production is severely reduced or completely absent.
Insulin is produced by beta cells in the pancreas. Type 1 diabetes develops when more than 80% of these cells are destroyed.
The condition is typically autoimmune in nature and most commonly affects children and young adults.
Type 2 Diabetes
In Type 2 diabetes, the pancreas continues to produce sufficient or even excessive amounts of insulin, but the body's tissues become resistant to its effects.
As a result, glucose cannot effectively enter the cells despite the presence of insulin in the bloodstream.
Causes of Diabetes
Causes of Type 1 Diabetes
Potential triggers include:
Viral infections such as rubella and mumps
Toxic exposures
Certain medications
Pesticide poisoning
These factors may trigger autoimmune processes that damage pancreatic beta cells.
Causes of Type 2 Diabetes
Common risk factors include:
Genetic predisposition
Advanced age
Excess body weight, particularly abdominal obesity
Poor nutrition with excessive intake of simple carbohydrates
Hypertension
Atherosclerosis
Chronic stress
Certain medications, including corticosteroids, hormones, and cytotoxic drugs
Symptoms of Diabetes
Common symptoms of both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes include:
Excessive thirst
Dry mouth
Frequent urination
Unexplained weight loss
General fatigue
Muscle weakness
Dry skin
Reduced skin elasticity
Itching
If diabetes progresses or remains poorly controlled, complications may affect:
The nervous system
Kidney blood vessels
Eyes
Heart
Brain
Wellness Programs at the Dr. Bubnovsky Center
Diabetes is a chronic condition associated with long-term risks to vital organs and body systems.
Standard treatment typically includes:
Insulin therapy (when required)
Blood glucose-lowering medications
A specialized nutritional plan
However, properly structured physical activity remains one of the most important components of comprehensive diabetes management.
Regular exercise can help:
Improve metabolism
Enhance blood circulation
Increase oxygen delivery to tissues
Support internal organ function
Improve overall vitality
Assessment and Diagnostics
Every patient at the Dr. Bubnovsky Center begins with an initial consultation with a kinesitherapy physician.
During the consultation, the physician evaluates:
Musculoskeletal health
Cardiovascular condition
Physical fitness level
Safe exercise capacity
When necessary, additional consultations may be recommended with:
An endocrinologist
A cardiologist
An ophthalmologist
A neurologist
Additional examinations may include:
Blood tests
Ultrasound examination of peripheral blood vessels
Electrocardiography (ECG)
Kinesitherapy for Diabetes
Based on the assessment results, an individualized wellness program is developed.
The program may include:
Therapeutic exercises
Nutritional recommendations
Lifestyle modifications
Additional recovery procedures
The foundation of the program is modern kinesitherapy based on the Bubnovsky Method.
This approach is particularly suitable for:
Older adults
Patients with cardiovascular conditions
Individuals with excess body weight
People with joint and spinal disorders
Training on Bubnovsky Equipment
Most exercises are performed on the Bubnovsky Multifunctional Training Machine (MTB).
Its unique design:
Reduces stress on the spine and joints
Allows muscles to be trained safely
Makes exercise comfortable even for physically weakened patients
The program also includes floor-based joint gymnastics consisting of dynamic and stretching exercises performed on a gym mat.
To improve circulation and support recovery, physicians may additionally recommend:
Massage therapy
Cryotherapy
Sauna sessions
Wellness Programs for Type 2 Diabetes at the Dr. Bubnovsky Center in Riga
The specialists at the Dr. Bubnovsky Center help patients with Type 2 diabetes safely increase physical activity, improve metabolism, and strengthen overall health through modern physiotherapy and kinesitherapy methods.
Book your initial consultation at bubnovsky.lv or call +371 23271732.
When purchasing a package of 12 sessions, you will receive a free initial consultation as well as two follow-up consultations with your physician after the 6th and 11th sessions to evaluate progress and adjust your wellness or rehabilitation program if necessary.